Classical Swine Fever | National Invasive Species Information Center

Scientific Name

Pestivirus suis (ICTV 2023)

Common Name

Classical swine fever (CSF), hog cholera

Native To

Origin unknown; may be native to the U.S. (Ganges et al. 2020)

Date of U.S. Introduction

First reported in Tennessee in 1810; Eradicated in the U.S. in 1978 (Brown and Bevins 2018; Ganges et al. 2020)

Means of Introduction

Can be transmitted through contact with infected pigs or consumption of contaminated feed (Ganges et al. 2020)

Impact

Highly contagious, viral disease of pigs that is usually fatal. The disease is still present in many countries, so there is a risk that it could become established in this country once again. While classical swine fever does not cause foodborne illness in people, economic losses to pork producers would be severe if the disease were to become established again in this country. (Brown and Bevins 2018)

Current U.S. Distribution

Not currently established

Classic swine fever, ARS discoveries are providing vital information to help fight this economically devastating disease, which affects cattle and other cloven-hoofed animals. Photo by Regis Lefebure; USDA, ARS, Image Gallery

Source

USDA, ARS, Image Gallery

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Federally Regulated

Foot-and-mouth Disease, Newcastle Disease, Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, African Swine Fever, Classical Swine Fever, Swine Vesicular Disease, And Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: Prohibited And Restricted Importations
- U.S. Government Printing Office. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations.
- Title 9: Animals and Animal Products, Part 94

Videos

YouTube - Secure Pork Supply - Classical Swine Fever
- Google. YouTube; University of Minnesota Extension.

All Resources

View and Filter All Classical Swine Fever Resources

Selected Resources

The section below contains highly relevant resources for this species, organized by source.

Partnership

Animal Diseases - Classical Swine Fever
- World Organisation for Animal Health.
Invasive Species Compendium - Classical swine fever
- CAB International.

Federal Government

Livestock and Poultry Disease - Classical Swine Fever
- USDA. APHIS. Veterinary Services.

State and Local Government

Classical Swine Fever (Hog Cholera) [PDF, 328 KB]
- Sep 2017
- California Department of Food and Agriculture.
- See also: Animal Health Branch - Classical Swine Fever for more resources

Academic

Animal Disease Information - Classical Swine Fever
- Iowa State University. Center for Food Security and Public Health.

Professional

Merck Veterinary Manual - Classical Swine Fever
- Merck & Co., Inc.

Citations

Brown V.R., and S.N. Bevins. 2018. A review of classical swine fever virus and routes of introduction into the United States and the potential for virus establishment. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 5:31.
Ganges, L., H.R. Crooke, J.A. Bohórquez, et al. 2020. Classical swine fever virus: the past, present and future. Virus Research 289:198151.
ICTV. 2023. Pestivirus suis. Virus Taxonomy: 2023 Release, MSL #39.