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Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri
Believed to have originated in Southeast Asia or India (Polek 2007)
First discovered in 1910, but eradicated in 1931; another outbreak was discovered in 1986, and again in 1995 (Dewdney 2013)
First arrived in seedlings imported from Japan in 1910 (Dewdney 2013)
Bacterial disease that infects citrus trees, where it destroys fruit and causes decreased production (CABI)
Spotlights
USDA. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) employees in Zapata, Webb, Hidalgo, Willacy and Cameron Counties in Texas are working with the Texas Department of Agriculture (TDA) to inspect fruit trees in residential yards and commercial properties for signs of invasive citrus pests and diseases. Inspectors are hanging and servicing traps with lures set to combat fruit flies in those counties, while surveyors in South Texas examine citrus trees for signs of citrus canker and other diseases. These programs are a collaborative effort with TDA and the citrus industry to protect Texas citrus. APHIS asks residents and business owners to help limit the spread of citrus pests and diseases by cooperating with survey teams and allowing them to access your property for survey work.
Distribution / Maps / Survey Status
USDA. APHIS. Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey. National Agricultural Pest Information System.
Quarantine
Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.
Federally Regulated
USDA. APHIS. Plant Protection and Quarantine.
Contains the legal description of current federal quarantine areas for several citrus pests and diseases. Users can search by state and pest to determine the quarantine area(s) by state. An interactive map of quarantine areas is also available.
USDA. APHIS. Plant Protection and Quarantine.
Contains the requirements for moving fruit, nursery stock, or other regulated articles for several citrus pests and diseases.
U.S. Government Printing Office. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations.
Images
Videos
Selected Resources
The section below contains highly relevant resources for this species, organized by source. Or, to display all related content view all resources for Citrus Canker.
Partnership
Federal Government
Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce.
USDA. APHIS. Plant Protection and Quarantine.
International Government
New South Wales Department of Primary Industries (Australia).
State and Local Government
Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Plant Industry.
Academic
University of California. Agriculture and Natural Resources.
ANR Publication 8218
University of California - Riverside. Center for Invasive Species Research.
See also: Plant Diagnostic Center - Publications for more resources
University of Florida. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Extension.
Professional
Citations
CABI. Invasive Species Compendium. Xanthomonas citri. CAB International. [Accessed Feb 9, 2017].
Dewdney, M.M., P.D. Roberts, J.H. Graham, K.R. Chung, and M. Zekri. 2013. Homeowner Fact Sheet: Citrus Canker. University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Extension. Electronic Data Information Source Publication #PP194.
Polek, M., G. Vidalakis, and K. Godfrey. 2007. Citrus Bacterial Canker Disease and Huanglongbing (Citrus Greening). University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 8218.