Trapa natans L. (ITIS)
Water chestnut, water nut, water caltrop
Eurasia and Africa (Hummel and Kiviat 2004)
1870s (Hummel and Kiviat 2004)
Ornamental (Hummel and Kiviat 2004)
Forms dense mats that displace native species and interfere with recreational activities (Hummel and Kiviat 2004)
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Hummel, M., and E. Kiviat. 2004. Review of world literature on water chestnut with implications for management in North America. Journal of Aquatic Plant Management 42:17-28.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Trapa natans. [Accessed Sep 28, 2023].