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National Invasive Species Information Center
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Home / Aquatic Invasives / Fish and Other Aquatic Vertebrates / Cane Toad

Cane Toad

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Canetoad
Cane toad, adult - Photo by U.S. Geological Survey
Scientific Name: 
Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758); formerly Bufo marinus (ITIS)
Common Name: 
Cane toad, Giant toad, Marine toad, Giant marine toad, South American cane toad, Dominican toad, spring chicken (Belize)
Native To: 
South America, Central America, Mexico, and extreme southern Texas (NAS Database)
Date of U.S. Introduction: 
First introduced to Florida by 1936 (NAS Database)
Means of Introduction: 
Originally introduced to control sugar cane pests; has also been accidentally and intentionally released by animal importers, zoos, and laboratories (NAS Database)
Impact: 
Preys on and competes with native species; highly toxic to predators (including pets) (NAS Database)

Distribution / Maps / Survey Status

Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database: Point Map - Cane Toad
DOI. USGS. Wetland and Aquatic Research Center.
Provides detailed collection information as well as animated map.

Images

Google Images - Cane toad
Google.
Invasive.org - Cane toad
University of Georgia. Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health.

Videos

YouTube - The Cane or "Bufo" Toad - An Invasive Impact on Florida Pets

Google. YouTube; University of Florida. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences.

This is the first of three videos in the series Cane or "Bufo" Toads - An Invasive Threat to Florida Pets.

Selected Resources

The section below contains highly relevant resources for this species, organized by source. Or, to display all related content view all resources for Cane Toad.

Partnership
Global Invasive Species Database - Rhinella marina (= Bufo marinus) (amphibian)
IUCN. Species Survival Commission. Invasive Species Specialist Group.
Invasive Species Compendium - Rhinella marina
CAB International.
ToadScan
Centre for Invasive Species Solutions (Australia). FeralScan.
Federal Government
Indian River Lagoon Species Inventory - Bufo marinus
Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce.
Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database: Fact Sheet - Cane Toad
DOI. USGS. Wetland and Aquatic Research Center.
Provides distribution maps and collection information (State and County).
International Government
Feral Animals in Australia - Cane Toads
Australian Government. Department of the Environment and Energy.
Invasive Animals: Other Invasive Animals - Cane Toad

Business Queensland (Australia).

Key New Incursions Species - Cane Toad

New South Wales Department of Primary Industries (Australia).

PestSmart Connect - Cane Toads

Centre for Invasive Species Solutions (Australia).

Priority Pest Animals - Cane Toad

Victoria Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions (Australia). Agriculture.

State and Local Government
Invasive Cane Toads
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
Academic
Animal Diversity Web - Rhinella marina
University of Michigan. Museum of Zoology.
EDIS Topic - Cane Toad
University of Florida. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Extension.
Electronic Data Information Source - publication resources
Frogs and Toads of Florida - Giant Toad
University of Florida. IFAS. Florida Wildlife Extension.
Includes call of the Giant Toad
Introduced Species Summary Project - Giant Marine Toad
Columbia University. Center for Environmental Research and Conservation.
Professional
Animal Factsheets: Cane Toad

Australian Museum.

Citations

  • Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Rhinella marina. [Accessed Sep 10, 2014].
  • Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Fact Sheet - Cane Toad. USGS, Gainesville, FL. [Accessed Sep 16, 2014].