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Federal Government
Invasive Animal Species in Marine and Estuarine Environments: Biology and Ecology (Jan 2005; PDF | 1.6 MB) (Chapter 4: Pathways of Introduction)
United States Army Corps of Engineers. Engineer Research and Development Center.
Invasive Species Pathways
DOI. Fish and Wildlife Service. Alaska Region.
Invasive Species Pathways Working Group: Focus Group Conference Report and Pathways Ranking Guide (June-August 2005) (Jul 2006; PDF | 1.08 MB)
Aquatic Nuisance Species Task Force.
Published by: National Invasive Species Council, Aquatic Nuisance Species Task Force, and NISC Prevention Committee Pathways Work Team
Invasive Species Pathways Working Group: Pathways Ranking Guide and Proceedings Report, Focus Group Conference (Jun 21-22, 2005) (Dec 2005; DOC | 3.33 MB)
USDA. NAL. National Invasive Species Information Center.
Published by: USDA. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; DOI; DOC.
Invasive Species Pathways Team Final Report (Oct 29, 2003; DOC | 315 KB)
USDA. NAL. National Invasive Species Information Center.
Published by: Invasive Species Advisory Committee. Pathways Task Team.
Pathways for Invasive Species Introduction
Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds.
Training and Implementation Guide for Pathway Definition, Risk Analysis and Risk Prioritization (Jan 2007; PDF | 1.36 MB)
USDA. NAL. National Invasive Species Information Center.
Published by: Aquatic Nuisance Species Task Force (ANSTF) and National Invasive Species Council (NISC) Prevention Committee via the Pathways Work Team.
State Government
University/Academic
American Fisheries Society Position on Introductions of Aquatic Species
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; American Fisheries Society.
Pathways
and Prevention
Northeast
Marine Introduced Species.
Portals and Pathways: Invasive Species in Louisiana
Tulane University and Xavier University. Center for Bioenvironmental Research.
International
A Pathway Approach Towards Prevention of Movement of Pests and Pathogens with Live Plants in International Trade
International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO).
The Internet as a Pathway for IAS (PDF | 289 KB)
Global Invasive Species Programme.
Protect
Your Ports Against Invasive Species (Sep 1, 2009) /
Neighborhood Watch: U.S. Biosecurity comes into question
International
Union for Conservation of Nature.
A new report Neighborhood
Watch: Early Detection and Rapid Response to Biological Invasion Along US Trade
Pathways (2009; PDF | 9.4 MB) says accidental introductions of pests and
pathogens threaten economic, environmental and public health. The report offers
recommendations to improve biosecurity measures at U.S. ports,
as well as a possible funding mechanism based upon the "polluter pays" principle.
Recommendations include improved coordination between agencies and greater international
cooperation. Neighborhood Watch follows an earlier volume "Denying
Entry: Opportunities to Build Capacity to Prevent the Introduction of Invasive
Species and Improve Biosecurity at U.S. Ports" (2007; PDF | 4.6 MB) which
addressed the challenges of "regulatory exclusion" of potentially invasive
species through trace pathways.
Organizations
Closing the Pathways of Aquatic Invasive Species across North America (Nov 12, 2002)
North American Commission for Environmental Coopearation.
North American Agenda for Action: 2003-2005
Firewood: Buy It Where You Burn It
Nature Conservancy.
High-risk air routes for invasive species revealed (Apr 11, 2007)
NewScientist.com.
Note: Supporting scientific journal article -
Tatem, Andrew J., and Simon I. Hay. 2007. Climatic
similarity and biological exchange in the worldwide
airline transportation network. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (published online).
Horticulture as a pathway of invasive plant introductions in the United States (PDF | 236 KB)
BioScience 51(2): 103-13.
Movement
of invasive aquatic plants into Minnesota (USA) through
horticultural trade (Jul 2004) (USDA access through
DigiTop)
ScienceDirect; Biological Conservation.
Academic Study on Horticulture as a Pathway: Jun 2004, a study by Kristine Maki and Susan Galatowitsch in the Journal, Biological Conservation (Volume 118, Jun 2004, pp 389-396) entitled, "Movement of invasive aquatic plants into Minnesota through horticultural trade," reported that horticultural trade is implicated in the introduction of invasive aquatic plants over long-range distances into new regions of the United States. The results of the study found that:
- 93% of the orders received from aquatic plant vendors contained a plant or animal species not requested in the order
- 90% percent of the purchases contained plant receipts not ordered
- 80% included additional animal receipts
- 63% had algae, moss or fungi associated with the ordered plants, and
- 43% contained unordered seeds.
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