Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia

Scientific name: Novirhabdovirus sp. (Family Rhabdoviridae)

Common names: Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, Egtved virus

Native To: First detected in Europe (Warren 2002)

Date of U.S. Introduction: Present in the Great Lakes since 2002 (NPS 2008)

Images: Google

Video: New York Department of Environmental Conservation - Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Conesus Lake (or click Play button below)

Means of Introduction: Great Lakes strain possibly introduced from ballast water or migratory fishes on the Atlantic coast (NPS 2008)

Impact: Viral disease of fish that infects a wide range of species and can cause large fish kills (NPS 2008)

Current U.S. Distribution: Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River

Federal Order: Implementation of Rule on Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Delayed Indefinitely (Jan 2, 2009)

Management Plans: Microbes / Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia

Selected Internet Resources:

• Federal Government
• State Government
• University/Academic
• International
• Organizations

Federal Government

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia
USDA. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
Photographs; Controls; Legal Aspects; Special Note: USDA Amends Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia-Susceptible
Species List (Nov 2007; PDF | 59 KB)

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Article Citation Search - AGRICOLA Database
USDA. National Agricultural Library.
Research; Special Note: NAL Catalog Search (resources)

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia
DOI. NPS. Apostle Islands National Lakeshore.
Impacts; Controls; Special Note: Emergency Prevention and Response Plan for Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (Mar 14, 2008; PDF | 2.08 MB)

Molecular Epidemiology of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus in the Great Lakes Region (Jan 11, 2008; PDF | 698 KB)
DOI. USGS. Western Fisheries Research Center.
Introduction History

State Government

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) - Keep Our Waters Great! Don't Dump Your Bait!
Michigan Department of Natural Resources and Environment.
Taxonomy; Impacts; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

2008 Policy Fact Sheet: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) Fish Health Initiative (Feb 11, 2008; PDF | 114 KB)
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.
Impacts; Controls; Legal Aspects

Fish Diseases: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS)
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.
Photographs; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) in New York
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.
Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Legal Aspects

Aquaculture VHS Certification
Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture. Animal Health and Diagnostic Services.
Distribution; Controls; Legal Aspects

VHS: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (PDF | 1.14 MB)
Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture. Bureau of Animal Health.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts; Legal Aspects

VHS and You: Keeping Wisconsin's Waters Healthy
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Controls; Legal Aspects

Sardine Disease: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (2004; PDF | 144 KB)
California Sea Grant College Program.
Photographs; Impacts

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia and Spring Viremia of Carp: Threats to Aquaculture (PDF | 1.16 MB)
Cornell University. College of Veterinary Medicine. Aquatic Animal Health Program.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Photographs; Illustrations; Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia
Iowa State University. Center for Food Security and Public Health.
Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Special Note: Bibliography

Fish Diseases: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (2009; PDF | 2.46 MB)
University of Maryland. Northeastern Regional Aquaculture Center.
Identification/Description; Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Controls

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) in the Great Lakes (PDF | 419 KB)
Michigan Sea Grant.
Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Controls

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia - New York Invasive Species Clearinghouse
New York Sea Grant; Cornell University; NOAA; State University of New York.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Introduction History; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Controls; Research

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (PDF | 147 KB)
Pennsylvania State University. Sea Grant.
Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

VHS in Great Lakes Fish
University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute.
Impacts; Dispersion

International

Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus - Invasive Species Compendium
Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International (CABI).
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Controls

Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (VHS) in Various Great Lakes Fish Species
Fisheries and Oceans Canada.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts

Help Prevent the Spread of Fish Disease (Dec 2011; PDF | 67 KB)
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (Canada).
Photographs; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

A Guide to Integrated Fish Health Management in the Great Lakes Basin: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia - Chapter 19 (June 2002; PDF | 26 KB) / Table of Contents
Great Lakes Fishery Commission.
Identification/Description; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Special Note: Bibliography

Novirhabdovirus sp.
TexasInvasives.org.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Controls; Legal Aspects

Citations

U.S. National Park Service. 2008. Emergency Prevention and Response Plan for Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (PDF | 2.09 MB) National Park System Units and the Grand Portage Indian Reservation within the Lake Superior Basin. 148 p.

Warren, J.W. 2002. Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (PDF | 26 KB) In: A Guide to Integrated Fish Health Management in the Great Lakes Basin. Great Lakes Fishery Commission.